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自然科学史研究  2019, Vol. 38 Issue (2): 200-214    
论文     
庞佩利与中国近代黄土地质学
丁宏
太原理工大学马克思主义学院,太原 030024;
中国科学院自然科学史研究所,北京 100190
Raphael Pumpelly and the Modern Geology of China Loess
DING Hong
Academy of Marxism and Leninism, Taiyuan University of Engineering, Taiyuan 030024, China;
Institute for History of Natural Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
 全文: PDF(1292 KB)  
摘要: 黄土是第四纪最重要的风成沉积物,中国拥有世界上分布最连续、沉积最厚的黄土区域。庞佩利是第一位考察中国黄土并提出黄土成因"湖相"假说的专业地质学家。长期以来,庞佩利及其"湖相"假说在中国黄土研究史上的学术价值未受到应有的重视。文章以庞佩利《我的回忆录》、《穿越美洲和亚洲》、《在中国、蒙古和日本的地质研究(1862~1865)》及维理士《庞佩利(1837~1923)的传记回忆录》等文献为依据,梳理了庞佩利生平和学术成就,并以"湖相"假说的提出、修正及影响为主线,厘清庞佩利黄土成因假说的学术渊源及演化脉络,阐明庞佩利及其"湖相"假说在世界黄土研究史上的学术价值与贡献。
关键词: 庞佩利"湖相"假说李希霍芬黄土地质学中国    
Abstract: Loess is the most important aeolian deposit of the Quaternary. China has the most continuous and thickest loess area in the world. Raphael Pumpelly (1837-1923) was the first geologist to conduct a survey of loess in China and put forward the "lacustrine" hypothesis about its origin. For a long time, scholars have ignored the academic significance of the "lacustrine" hypothesis, and failed to clarify Pumpelly's academic contributions and the place of the "lacustrine" hypothesis in the history of loess studies in China. This paper is based on Pumpelly's My Reminiscences, Across America and Asia, Geological Researches in China, Mongolia and Japan during the Years 1862 to 1865 and Biographical Memoir of Raphael Pumpelly 1837 to 1923 by B. Willis. Based on his life and academic achievements, considering in particular the proposition, revision and influence of this hypothesis and its origins and evolution, this paper clarifies Pumpelly's academic value and contribution and his "lacustrine" hypothesis in the history of Chinese and Western loess studies.
Key words: Raphael Pumpelly    Lacustrine    Ferdinand Freiherr von Richthofen    Loess    China
收稿日期: 2019-04-03 出版日期: 2022-06-18
ZTFLH:  N09  
基金资助: 山西省软科学:山西省地质旅游产业发展研究(项目编号:2018041061-6)
作者简介: 丁宏,1979年生,山西乡宁人,太原理工大学马克思主义学院讲师,中国科学院自然科学史研究所博士后,研究方向为清末民初地质学史、地方科技史。
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引用本文:

丁宏. 庞佩利与中国近代黄土地质学[J]. 自然科学史研究, 2019, 38(2): 200-214.

DING Hong. Raphael Pumpelly and the Modern Geology of China Loess. Studies in the History of Natural Sciences, 2019, 38(2): 200-214.

链接本文:

http://www.shns.ac.cn/CN/        http://www.shns.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/I2/200

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